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Glideslope
The vertical guidance component of a precision approach, classically the ILS radio beam that defines the desired descent path to the runway. Visual glide path systems such as PAPI and VASI provide related vertical cues for VFR and night approaches when electronic glideslope is unavailable.
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- Go-AroundA rejected landing in which the pilot discontinues the approach, adds power, establishes a climb, and either re-enters the traffic pattern or follows ATC instructions. Go-arounds are a normal safety tool when spacing, wake turbulence, runway condition, or approach stability is wrong.
- Go/No-Go DecisionThe pilot-in-command judgment call to depart, delay, divert, or cancel based on aircraft, weather, airspace, NOTAMs, personal minimums, and alternative options. Effective go/no-go decisions happen before cockpit workload peaks and are supported by a complete preflight briefing habit.
- GPS (Global Positioning System)A satellite-based navigation system that provides precise position, altitude, and ground speed information to aircraft. GPS is the primary means of navigation for many IFR procedures including RNAV approaches.
- Ground EffectAn increase in aerodynamic efficiency that occurs when an aircraft flies very close to the ground (typically within one wingspan height). Ground effect reduces induced drag, which is why aircraft may float during landing if carrying excess speed.