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IFR (Instrument Flight Rules)
A set of regulations and procedures for flying aircraft by reference to instruments only, without visual reference to the ground. IFR flight requires an Instrument Rating, an IFR-equipped aircraft, and an ATC clearance.
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- ILS (Instrument Landing System)A precision instrument approach system that provides both lateral (localizer) and vertical (glideslope) guidance to the runway. ILS approaches allow landings in lower visibility conditions than non-precision approaches.
- Instrument CurrencyThe recent instrument experience required under 14 CFR 61.57(c) to act as PIC under IFR or in weather conditions less than VFR minima. Instrument currency is separate from the flight review and from passenger takeoff-and-landing currency; an Instrument Proficiency Check can restore it when experience has lapsed.
- Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC)An instrument proficiency evaluation with an authorized instructor or examiner under 14 CFR 61.57(d). An IPC restores instrument currency when a pilot has not met recent instrument experience requirements and is distinct from the broader flight review under 61.56.
- Instrument RatingAn FAA rating added to a pilot certificate that authorizes the holder to act as pilot in command under instrument flight rules (IFR) in instrument meteorological conditions. Requirements include instrument flight training, actual or simulated instrument time, a knowledge test, and a practical test.